One of the most important components of comfortable sex is that when a woman is sufficiently aroused, she becomes "wet."

The causes of vaginal dryness range from physiological factors, such as hormonal changes or side effects of treatment, to emotional and psychological issues, such as a lack of desire or even anxiety. Whatever the cause, it leads to discomfort and pain during sex. Fortunately, there are many options for alleviating vaginal dryness. This can be great news for many women over the age of 60, who list vaginal dryness as one of the two main sexual health problems. The other one is a lack of sexual interest. A survey of over 800 women, aimed at identifying sexual health issues, confirmed this. The results were published in the 2015 issue of *Women's Health Journal*. But vaginal dryness can also be an issue for women under 60. Every second woman faces vaginal dryness.

The first step in treating vaginal dryness is determining the source of the discomfort, especially if vaginal dryness causes pain during sex. Several factors can lead to insufficient lubrication in the vagina:

• Hormonal changes. One of the most common causes of vaginal dryness is a decrease in estrogen levels during menopause, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and after childbirth. Cancer treatments (chemotherapy, pelvic radiation) can also lead to low estrogen levels and decreased vaginal lubrication.

• Medications. Allergies and medications containing antihistamines, as well as asthma medications, can have a drying effect on the body and lead to reduced vaginal lubrication.

• Insufficient arousal. In some cases, vaginal dryness can be caused by low libido or sexual problems with a partner.

• Irritants in personal care products. Harsh chemical ingredients, dyes, fragrances commonly found in soaps, foams, gels, intimate lubricants, and hygiene products can cause vaginal dryness. Many women have allergic reactions and irritation to soaps and low-quality lubricants. A good intimate hygiene product should have a pH of 4-4.5. When purchasing, pay attention to the ingredients.

• Anxiety. Psychological and emotional factors such as stress and anxiety can also lead to vaginal dryness.

Prevention and Treatment of Vaginal Dryness

The treatment of vaginal dryness depends on its cause. Women who experience problems with vaginal lubrication should see a doctor for treatment. Depending on the situation, doctors may recommend hormone replacement therapy. Estrogen is much more effective in restoring the vagina's functions and regenerating its protective layer.

There are also products that provide temporary relief, especially during painful sex, by moisturizing and soothing the vaginal mucosa. Lubricants, intimate moisturizing gels, and other lubricants help make sex comfortable, moisturize, and relieve itching and irritation. For these purposes, a water-based lubricant is an excellent choice. It is suitable for daily use. Water-based lubricants typically have a balanced pH level, which helps maintain a healthy environment in the vagina, unfavorable for bacteria.

Remember, not all lubricants work equally well on the vaginal mucosa. Gynecologists recommend paying attention to natural lubricants that do not contain dyes, fragrances, parabens, glycerin, etc. These substances often cause irritation, allergic reactions, and only worsen the situation. Glycerin-free lubricants are particularly important for women prone to yeast infections.

• Exercise regularly and eat healthy foods. Drink plenty of water.

• Make sure the intimate hygiene products you use do not contain harsh chemicals, dyes, fragrances, etc.

• Sex with a partner, oral sex, touching, masturbation – anything that increases blood flow to the genital organs, is vital for maintaining healthy vaginal moisture. Have sex more often. Regular arousal and sex increase estrogen levels, promote lubrication, and keep the vagina elastic.

• Kegel exercises help maintain vaginal tone. If there are no contraindications, exercise as much as possible.

• There are natural products that can work as lubricants for vaginal dryness, such as coconut oil and aloe vera gel.

Everyone knows their own body better than anyone else, so choose the lubricants that make you feel comfortable.